Hydrology and Earth System Sciences www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net 1027-5606 1607-7938 11 6 2007 10.5194/hess-11-1785-2007 http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1785/2007/ http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1785/2007/hess-11-1785-2007.html http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1785/2007/hess-11-1785-2007.pdf 1785 1795 2007-11-22 GIBSI: an integrated modelling system for watershed management – sample applications and current developments R. Quilbé A. N. Rousseau alain.rousseau@ete.inrs.ca Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique – Centre Eau, Terre et Environnement (INRS-ETE), Univ. du Québec, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec (QC), G1K 9A9, Canada Hydrological and pollutant fate models have long been developed for research purposes. Today, they find an application in integrated watershed management, as decision support systems (DSS). GIBSI is such a DSS designed to assist stakeholders in watershed management. It includes a watershed database coupled to a GIS and accessible through a user-friendly interface, as well as modelling tools that simulate, on a daily time step, hydrological processes such as evapotranspiration, runoff, soil erosion, agricultural pollutant transport and surface water quality. Therefore, GIBSI can be used to assess a priori the effect of management scenarios (reservoirs, land use, waste water effluents, diffuse sources of pollution that is agricultural pollution) on surface hydrology and water quality. For illustration purposes, this paper presents several management-oriented applications using GIBSI on the 6680 km² Chaudière River watershed, located near Quebec City (Canada). They include impact assessments of: (i) municipal clean water program; (ii) agricultural nutrient management scenarios; (iii) past and future land use changes, as well as (iv) determination of achievable performance standards of pesticides management practices. Current and future developments of GIBSI are also presented as these will extend current uses of this tool and make it useable and applicable by stakeholders on other watersheds. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes some of the challenges that remain for a better use of DSS in integrated watershed management. Arnold, J G. and Williams, J R.: The EPIC model, in: Computer models of watershed hydrology, edited by: Singh, V P., Water Resources Publications, Highlands Ranch, CO, 847–908, 1995. Arnold, J G., Williams, J R., Srinivasan, R., and King, K W.: SWAT. Manual, USDA, Agricultural Research Service and Blackland Research Center, Texas, 1996. Borah, D K. and Bera, M.: Watershed-scale hydrologic and nonpoint-source pollution models: review of applications, Transactions of the ASAE, 47(3), 789–803, 2004. Brown, L C. and Barnwell, T O J.: The enhanced stream water quality models QUAL2 and QUAL2E-UNCAS: Documentation and User Manual, Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia, U.S., 1987. Clements, J T., Creager, C S., Beach, A R., Butcher, J B., Marcus, M D., and Schueler, T R.: Framework for a watershed management program, Water Environment Research Foundation, Alexandria, 1996. Duchemin, M., Rousseau, A N., Lamontagne, L., and Villeneuve, J.-P.: Utilisation des technologies géomatiques pour spatialiser le facteur K d'érodabilité des sols du bassin versant de la rivière Chaudière, Québec, Can. J. Soil Sci., 81, 423–437, 2001. Environment Canada: The importance of Nature to Canadians: The economic significance of Nature-related activities, Federal-Provincial-Territorial Task Force for the Importance of Nature to Canadians, En 47-312/2000E, Ottawa, 2001. Fortin, J., Turcotte, R., Massicotte, S., Moussa, R., Fitzback, J., and Villeneuve, J.-P.: A distributed watershed model compatible with remote sensing and GIS data, Part I: Description of the model, J. Hydraulic Eng., 6(2), 91–99, 2001a. Fortin, J P., Moussa, R., Bocquillon, C., and Villeneuve, J.-P.: Hydrotel, un modèle hydrologique distribué pouvant bénéficier des données fournies par la télédétection et les systèmes d'information géographique, Revue des Sciences de l'Eau, 8(1), 97–124, 1995. Fortin, J P., Turcotte, R., Massicotte, S., Moussa, R., and Fitzback, J.: A distributed watershed model compatible with remote sensing and GIS data, part 2: Application to the Chaudière watershed, J. Hydraulic Eng., 6(2), 100–108, 2001b. Gachon, P., St-Hilaire, A., Ouarda, T., Nguyen, V T V., Lin, C., Milton, J., Chaumont, D., Goldstein, J., Hessami, M., Nguyen, T D., Selva, F., Nadeau, M., Roy, P., Parishkura, D., Major, D., Choux, M., and Bourque, A.: A first evaluation of the strength and weaknesses of statistical downscaling methods for simulating extremes over various regions of eastern Canada, Final report, Sub-component, Climate Change Action Fund (CCAF), Environment Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada, 2005. Gariépy, S, Rousseau, A N., and Brun, A.: La gestion de l'eau par bassin versant aux Etats-Unis~: entre incitatifs législatifs et intérêts des usagers, in: Les politiques de l'eau, grands principes et réalitées locales, edited by: Brun, A. and Lasserre, F., Ed. PUQ, coll. Géographie contemporaine, 69–90, 2006. Grenier, M., Campeau, S., and Rousseau, A N.: Establishing diatom reference communities in Quebec streams (Canada): ecological goals for stream restoration and baseline for evaluation of aquatic ecosystem degradation status, Man and River Systems II – Interactions among Rivers, their Watersheds, and the Socioecosystem, Extended abstracts – International Symposium, Paris, December 4–6, 2006, Presses de l'École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 102–104, 2006a. Grenier, M., Campeau, S., Lavoie, I., Park, Y S., and Lek, S.: Diatom reference communities in Québec (Canada) streams based on Kohonen self-organizing maps and multivariate analyses, Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 63, 2087–2106, 2006b. He, C.: Integration of geographic information systems and simulation model for watershed management, Environ. Modell. Software, 18(8–9), 809–813, 2003. Jakeman, A J. and Letcher, R A.: Integrated assessment and modelling: features, principles and examples for catchment management, Environ. Modell. Software, 18(6), 491–501, 2003. Logiciels et Applications Scientifiques Inc. (L A S.): Grassland User's guide for Windows95 and Windows NT, Version 1.0, Montréal, QC., 1996. Lavigne, M.-P., Rousseau, A N., Turcotte, R., Laroche, A M., Fortin, J.-P., and Villeneuve, J.-P.: Validation and use of a distributed hydrological modeling system to predict short term effects of clear cutting on the hydrological regime of a watershed, Earth Interactions, 8(3), 1–19, 2004. Mailhot, A., Rousseau, A N., Salvano, E., Turcotte, R., and Villeneuve, J.-P.: Évaluation de l'impact de l'assainissement urbain sur la qualité des eaux du bassin versant de la rivière Chaudière à l'aide du système de modélisation intégrée GIBSI, Revue des Sciences de l'Eau, 15, 149–172, 2002. Mannina, G., Freni, G., Viviani, G., Sǽgrov, S., and Hafskjold, L S.: Integrated urban water modelling with uncertainty analysis, Water Sci. Technol., 379–386, 2006. McIntosh, B S., Seaton, R A F., and Jeffrey, P.: Tools to think with? Towards understanding the use of computer-based support tools in policy relevant research, Environ. Modell. Software, 22(5), 640–648, 2007. Ministère du Développement Durable, de l'Environnement et des Parcs du Québec (MDDEP):http://www.mddep.gouv.qc.ca/eau/criteres_eau/critere_lmc.htm# mcpb, 2006 Official Journal of the European Community: Directive 200/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy, OJ C L 327, 22.12.2000, 2000. Pedersen, C., Dubois, P., and Hinz, C.: MySQL 5, Certification Study Guide, MySQL Press, 2005. Quilbé, R., Rousseau, A N., Lafrance, P., Leclerc, J., and Amrani, M.: Selecting a pesticide fate model at the watershed scale using a multi-criteria analysis, Water Quality Res. J. Can., 41(3), 283–295, 2006. Quilbé, R., Rousseau, A N., Moquet, J.-S., Savary, S., Ricard, S., and Garbouj, M. S.: Hydrological responses of a watershed to historical land use evolution and future land use scenarios under climate change conditions, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., 4, 1337–1367, 2007. Renard, K G., Foster, G R., Weesies, G A., Mclood, D K., and Yoder, D C.: Predicting Soil Erosion by Water : A Guide to Conservation Planning with the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), US Department of Agriculture, Washington, 1997. Rogel, G.: Développement et intégration au système de modélisation intégré GIBSI d'un modèle de transport et du devenir d'agents pathogènes d'origine agricole à l'échelle du bassin versant, Master Thesis in Water Science, INRS-ETE, University of Québec, Québec City, Canada, 2007. Rousseau, A N., Mailhot, A., Gariépy, S., Salvano, E., and Villeneuve, J.-P.: Calcul de probabilités de dépassement d'objectifs environnementaux de rejets de sources ponctuelle et diffuse à l'aide du système de modélisation intégrée GIBSI, Revue des Sciences de l'Eau, 15, 121–148, 2002a. Rousseau, A N., Mailhot, A., Quilbé, R., and Villeneuve, J.-P.: Information technologies in a wider perspective: integrating management functions across the urban-rural interface, Environ. Modell. Software, 20(4), 443–455, 2005. Rousseau, A N., Mailhot, A., and Villeneuve, J.-P.: Development of a risk-based TMDL assessment approach using the integrated modeling system GIBSI, Water Sci. Technol., 45(9), 317–324, 2002b. Rousseau A N., Quilbé, R., Lafrance, P., Savary, S., Amrani, M., Caux, P.-Y., and Jiapizian, P.: A hydrological modelling framework for defining watershed-scale achievable performance standards of pesticides beneficial managements practices. Man and River Systems II – Interactions among Rivers, their Watersheds, and the Socioecosystem. Extended abstracts – International Symposium, Paris, 4–6 December 2006, Presses de l'École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 193–194, 2006. Salvano, E., Rousseau, A N., Debailleul, G., and Villeneuve, J.-P.: Development of a cost-benefit framework to evaluate the impact of legislation supporting reduction of agricultural pollution at the watershed level, in: Lake Champlain in Transition: Partnerships in Progress, edited by: Manley, T O., Manley, P L., and Mihuc, T., Kluwer Academic, 123–142, 2004. Salvano, E., Rousseau, A N., Debailleul, G., and Villeneuve, J.-P.: An environmental benefit-cost analysis case study of nutrient management in an agricultural watershed, Can. J. Water Resour., 31(2), 105–122, 2006. Santhi, C., Arnold, J G., Williams, J R., Hauck, L M., and Dugas, W A.: Application of a watershed model to evaluate management effects on point and nonpoint source pollution, Transactions of the ASAE, 44(6), 1559–1570, 2001. Simpson, A.: Microsoft Access 2, Sybex Inc., San Francisco, CA, 1994. Turcotte, R., Fortin, J.-P., Rousseau, A N., Massicotte, S., and Villeneuve, J.-P.: Determination of the drainage structure of a watershed using a digital elevation model and a digital river and lake network, J. Hydrol., 240(3-4), 225–242, 2001. Villeneuve, J.-P., Blanchette, C., Duchemin, M., Gagnon, J.-F., Mailhot, A., Rousseau, A N., Roux, M., Tremblay, J F., and Turcotte, R.: Rapport Final du Projet GIBSI : Gestion de l'Eau des Bassins Versants à l'Aide d'un Système Informatisé. Mars 1998: Tome 1., R-462, INRS – Eau, Sainte-Foy, 1998a. Villeneuve, J.-P., Blanchette, C., Duchemin, M., Mailhot, A., Rousseau, A N., Roux, M., Trépanier, S., and Turcotte, R.: Document relatif aux commentaires du Comité de suivi du projet GIBSI, 462 Add1, INRS – Eau, Sainte-Foy, 1998b. Villeneuve, J.-P., Rousseau, A N., Mailhot, A., Salvano, E., Simard, B., Corriveau, R., and Tremblay, S.: Guide de l'usager de GIBSI (Version II – 2003), R-549-g2, INRS-ETE, Sainte-Foy (QC), Canada, 2003. Wischmeier, W H. and Smith, D D.: Predicting rainfall erosion losses – A guide to conservation planning, Agricultural Handbook No. 537, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C., 1978. Wu, J., Zou, R., and Yu, S L.: Uncertainty analysis for coupled watershed and water quality modeling systems, J. Water Resour. Planning Manage., 132(5), 351–361, 2006. Yalin, Y S.: An expression for bed-load transportation, J. Hydr. Eng. Div.-asce, 89, 221–250, 1963. Yang, W., Rousseau, A N., and Boxall, P.: An integrated, economic-hydrologic, modeling framework for the watershed evaluation of beneficial management practices, J. Soil Water Conserv., Nov.–Dec., 423–432, 2007.