Hydrology and Earth System Sciences www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net 1027-5606 1607-7938 12 6 2008 10.5194/hess-12-1249-2008 http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/12/1249/2008/ http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/12/1249/2008/hess-12-1249-2008.html http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/12/1249/2008/hess-12-1249-2008.pdf 1249 1256 2008-11-05 Development of a river ice jam by a combined heat loss and hydraulic model J. Eliasson jonase@hi.is G. O. Gröndal University of Iceland, Institute of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Iceland National Energy Authority of Iceland, Grensasvegur 9, Reykjavik, Iceland The heat loss theory and the hydraulic theory for the analysis of the development of wide channel ice jams are discussed and shown. The heat loss theory has been used in Iceland for a long time, while the hydraulic theory largely follows the classical ice-jam build-up theories used in known CFD models. The results are combined in a new method to calculate the maximum thickness and the extent of an ice jam. The results compare favorably to the HEC-RAS model for the development of a very large ice jam in Thjorsa River in Iceland, and have been found in good agreement with historical data, collected where a hydroelectric dam project, Urridafoss, is being planned in the Thjorsa River. Ashton, G. D. (Ed.): River and Lake Ice Engineering, Water Resources Publications, Littleton, Colorado, USA, ISBN 0-918334-59-4, 1986. Beltaos, S.: Progress in the study and management of river ice jams, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 51(1), 2–19, 2008. Beltaos, S. and Burrell, B. C.: Water temperature decay under breakup ice jams, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 45(3), 123–136, 2006. Beltaos, S.: Numerical modelling of ice-jam flooding on the Peace-Athabasca delta, Hydrol. Process., 17(18), 3685–3702, 2003. Beltaos, S. (Ed.): River Ice Jams, Water Resources Publications LLC, Highlands Ranch, Colorado, USA, ISBN 0-918334-87-X, 1995. Beltaos, S.: Advances in River Ice Hydrology, Hydrol. Process., 14, 1613–1625, 2000. Beltaos, S.: Numerical computation of river ice jams, Canadian Journal of River Engineering, 20(1), 88–99, 1993. Brunner, G. W.: HEC-RAS River Analysis System – Hydraulic Reference Manual, US Army Corps of Engineers Hydraulic Engineering Center, USA, 2001. Carstens, T.: Heat Exchanges and Frazil Formation, Proceedings of IAHR Symposium on Ice, Rvk, Session~2, Paper No 11., 1970a. Carstens, T.; Modeling of Ice Transport, Proceedings of IAHR Symposium on Ice, Rvk, Session~4, paper No 15, 1970b. Eliasson, J. and Gröndal, G. O.: Estimating development of the Urridafoss ice jam by using a river model, International Commission on large DAMS (ICOLD), 22nd Congress, Barcelona, 18–23 June 2006, Session~3T, Paper No 31, 2006. Freysteinsson, S. and Benediktsson Á.: Operation of Hydro Power Plants under Diverse Ice Conditions, 12th International Symposium on Ice, Trondheim, 1, 118–128, 1994. Gröndal, G. O.: Ice Jams at Urri\dhafoss, M. Sc. Thesis, University of Iceland, 2003. Jasek, M.: Ice jam release surges, ice runs, and breaking fronts: field measurements, physical descriptions, and research needs, Can. J. Civil Eng., 30(1), 113–127, 2003. Morse, B. and Hicks, F.: Advances in river ice hydrology 1999–2003, Hydrol. Process., 19(1), 247–263, 2005. Rist, S.: Thjorsarisar (River ice in Thjorsa), In Jokull, 12, Reykjavik, Iceland, 1962 (in Icelandic with English summary). Tatinclaux, J. C., Lee, C. L., Wang, T. P., Nakato, T., Kennedy, J. F.: A Laboratory Investiga-tion of the Mechanics and Hydraulics of River Ice Jams, IIHR Report No 186, Iowa, 1976. Uzuner, M. S. and Kennedy, J. F.: Theoretical model of river ice jams, Journal of the Hydraulics Division, 102(HY9), 1365–1383, 1976. Zufelt, J. E. and Ettema, R.: Fully coupled model of ice-jam dynamics, J. Cold Reg. Eng., 14(1), 24–41, 2000.