Hydrology and Earth System Sciences www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net 1027-5606 1607-7938 13 11 2009 10.5194/hess-13-2023-2009 http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/13/2023/2009/ http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/13/2023/2009/hess-13-2023-2009.html http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/13/2023/2009/hess-13-2023-2009.pdf 2023 2030 2009-11-02 Snow distribution over the Namco lake area of the Tibetan Plateau M. Li mshli@lzb.ac.cn Y. Ma Z. Hu H. Ishikawa Y. Oku Cold and Arid Region Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan The mesoscale snow distribution over the Namco lake area of the Tibetan Plateau on October 2005 has been investigated in this paper. The base and revised experiments were conducted using the Weather Research Model (WRF) with three nested grids that included a 1 km finest grid centered on the Namco station. Our simulation ran from 6 October through to 10 October 2005, which was concurrent with long term meteorological observations. Evaluation against boundary layer meteorological tower measurements and flux observations showed that the model captured the observed 2 m temperature and 10 m winds reasonably well in the revised experiment. The results suggest that output snow depth maximum amounts from two simulated experiments were centered downwind of the Namco lakeshore. Modified surface state variable, for example, surface skin temperature on the lake help to increase simulated credibility. Chen, F. and Dudhia, J.: Coupling an advanced land-surface/hydrology model with the Penn State/NCAR MM5 modeling system, Part: Model description and implementation, Mon. Weather Rev., 129, 569–585, 2001. Chen, T. C. and Yoon, J. H.: Interannual Variation in Indochina Summer Monsoon Rainfall: Possible Mechanism, J. Climate, 13, 1979–1986, 2000. Flohn, H.: Thermal effects of the Tibetan Plateau during the Asian monsoon season, Aust. Meteorol. Mag., 13, 55–57, 1965. Goswami, B. N., Wu, G., and Yasunari, T.,: The Annual Cycle, Intraseasonal Oscillations, and Roadblock to Seasonal Predictability of the Asian Summer Monsoon, J. Climate, 19(S), 5078–5099, 2006. Hahn, D. G. and Manabe, S.: The role of mountains in the south Asian monsoon circulation, J. Atmos. Sci., 32, 1515–1541, 1975. Luo, H. and Yanai, M.: The large-scale circulation and heat sources over the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding areas during the early summer of 1979, Part 1: Precipitation and kinematic analysis, Mon. Weather Rev., 111, 922–944, 1983. Murakami, T.: Effects of the Tibetan Plateau. In Monsoon Meteorology, edited by C. P. Chang and T. N. Krishnamurti, Oxford University Press, New York, 235–270, 1987. Ose, T.: The comparison of the simulated response to the regional snow mass anomalies over Tibet, Eastern Europe and Siberia, J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 74, 845–866, 1996. Waliser, D. E., Wu, G., Liu, Y., Park, C.-K.: AGCM simulations of intraseasonal variability associated with the Asian summer monsoon, Cli. Dyn., 21, 423–446, 2003. Wang, S. and Hongsheng, D.: Chinese Lake Records, Beijing , Science Publishing (in Chinese), 1998. Wang, W., Barker, D., Bruyere, C., Dudhia, J., Gill, D. J.: Michalakes, User's Guide for Advanced Research WRF(ARW) Modeling System Version 2, Mesoscale & Microscale Meteorology Division, NCAR, 2006. Wu, G., Liu, Y., Wang, T., Wan, R., Liu, X., Li, W., Wang, Z., Zhang, Q., Duan, A., and Liang, X.: The Influence of Mechanical and Thermal Forcing by the Tibetan Plateau on Asian Climate, J. Hydro. Meteor.-Spec. Sect., 8, 770–789, 2007. Yanai, M. and Wu, G.-X.: Effects of the Tibetan Plateau, Chap. 13, in: The Asian Monsoon, edited by: Wang, B., Springer, Chichester, 513–549, 2006. Ye, D., Matsuno, T., Zeng, Q., Huang, R., and Zhang, R.: Climate variability. Proceedings of International Workshop on Climate Variabilities, China Meteorological Press, 3021 pp., 1993. Zhang, Y., Li, T., Wang, B., and Wu, G. X.: Onset of the summer monsoon over the Indochina Peninsula: Climatology and interannual variations, J. Climate, 15(11), 3206–3221, 2002.