Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net
1027-5606
1607-7938
13
11
2009
10.5194/hess-13-2151-2009
http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/13/2151/2009/
http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/13/2151/2009/hess-13-2151-2009.html
http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/13/2151/2009/hess-13-2151-2009.pdf
2151
2168
2009-11-12
Modelling runoff at the plot scale taking into account rainfall partitioning by vegetation: application to stemflow of banana (<i>Musa</i> spp.) plant
J.-B. Charlier
jb.charlier@gmail.com
R. Moussa
P. Cattan
Y.-M. Cabidoche
M. Voltz
CIRAD, UPR Systèmes bananes et ananas, Capesterre-Belle-Eau, Guadeloupe, 97130, France
INRA, Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol-Agrosystème-Hydrosystème (LISAH), UMR SupAgro-INRA-IRD, Bât. 24, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier cedex 1, France
INRA, UR 135 Agropédoclimatique de la Zone Caraïbes, Domaine Duclos, 97170 Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe (FWI)
now at: Université de Franche-Comté-CNRS/UMR 6249 Chrono-environnement, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, 16 route de Gray, 25030 Besançon cedex, France
Rainfall partitioning by vegetation modifies the intensity of rainwater
reaching the ground, which affects runoff generation. Incident rainfall is
intercepted by the plant canopy and then redistributed into throughfall and
stemflow. Rainfall intensities at the soil surface are therefore not
spatially uniform, generating local variations of runoff production that are
disregarded in runoff models. The aim of this paper was to model runoff at
the plot scale, accounting for rainfall partitioning by vegetation in the
case of plants concentrating rainwater at the plant foot and promoting
stemflow. We developed a lumped modelling approach, including a stemflow
function that divided the plot into two compartments: one compartment
including stemflow and the related water pathways and one compartment for the
rest of the plot. This stemflow function was coupled with a production
function and a transfer function to simulate a flood hydrograph using the
MHYDAS model. Calibrated parameters were a "stemflow coefficient", which
compartmented the plot; the saturated hydraulic conductivity (<i>Ks</i>),
which controls infiltration and runoff; and the two parameters of the
diffusive wave equation. We tested our model on a banana plot of
3000 m<sup>2</sup> on permeable Andosol (mean <i>Ks</i>=75 mm h<sup>−1</sup>)
under tropical rainfalls, in Guadeloupe (FWI). Runoff simulations without and
with the stemflow function were performed and compared to 18 flood events
from 10 to 140 rainfall mm depth. Modelling results showed that the stemflow
function improved the calibration of hydrographs according to the error
criteria on volume and on peakflow, to the Nash and Sutcliffe coefficient,
and to the root mean square error. This was particularly the case for low
flows observed during residual rainfall, for which the stemflow function
allowed runoff to be simulated for rainfall intensities lower than the
<i>Ks</i> measured at the soil surface. This approach also allowed us to
take into account the experimental data, without needing to calibrate the
runoff volume on <i>Ks</i> parameter. Finally, the results suggest a
rainwater redistribution module should be included in distributed runoff
models at a larger scale of the catchment.
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