Articles | Volume 17, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1733-2013
© Author(s) 2013. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1733-2013
© Author(s) 2013. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
03 May 2013
Research article |
| 03 May 2013
Assessing hydrological effects of human interventions on coastal systems: numerical applications to the Venice Lagoon
C. Ferrarin
CNR – National Research Council of Italy, ISMAR – Marine Sciences Institute in Venice, Castello 2737/f, 30122 Venice, Italy
CNR – National Research Council of Italy, IAMC – Institute for the Coastal Marine Environment in Oristano, 090782 Torregrande, Oristano, Italy
M. Ghezzo
CNR – National Research Council of Italy, ISMAR – Marine Sciences Institute in Venice, Castello 2737/f, 30122 Venice, Italy
G. Umgiesser
CNR – National Research Council of Italy, ISMAR – Marine Sciences Institute in Venice, Castello 2737/f, 30122 Venice, Italy
Coastal Research and Planning Institute, CORPI, Klaipėda University, H. Manto 84, 92294 Klaipėda, Lithuania
D. Tagliapietra
CNR – National Research Council of Italy, ISMAR – Marine Sciences Institute in Venice, Castello 2737/f, 30122 Venice, Italy
E. Camatti
CNR – National Research Council of Italy, ISMAR – Marine Sciences Institute in Venice, Castello 2737/f, 30122 Venice, Italy
L. Zaggia
CNR – National Research Council of Italy, ISMAR – Marine Sciences Institute in Venice, Castello 2737/f, 30122 Venice, Italy
A. Sarretta
CNR – National Research Council of Italy, ISMAR – Marine Sciences Institute in Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
Related authors
Roderik S. W. van de Wal, Angélique Melet, Debora Bellafiore, Michalis Vousdoukas, Paula Camus, Christian Ferrarin, Gualbert Oude Essink, Ivan D. Haigh, Piero Lionello, Arjen Luijendijk, Alexandra Toimil, and Joanna Staneva
State Planet Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-2023-38, https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-2023-38, 2023
Revised manuscript under review for SP
Short summary
Short summary
Sea level rise has major impacts in Europe which vary from place to place and in time depending on the source of the impacts. Flooding, erosion and saltwater intrusion lead via different pathways to various consequences in coastal regions across Europe. It causes damage to assets, environment and people for all three categories of impacts discussed in this paper. The paper provides an overview of the various impacts in Europe.
Luca Arpaia, Christian Ferrarin, Marco Bajo, and Georg Umgiesser
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 6899–6919, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6899-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6899-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We propose a discrete multilayer shallow water model based on z-layers which, thanks to the insertion and removal of surface layers, can deal with an arbitrarily large tidal oscillation independently of the vertical resolution. The algorithm is based on a two-step procedure used in numerical simulations with moving boundaries (grid movement followed by a grid topology change, that is, the insertion/removal of surface layers), which avoids the appearance of very thin surface layers.
Christian Ferrarin, Florian Pantillon, Silvio Davolio, Marco Bajo, Mario Marcello Miglietta, Elenio Avolio, Diego S. Carrió, Ioannis Pytharoulis, Claudio Sanchez, Platon Patlakas, Juan Jesús González-Alemán, and Emmanouil Flaounas
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2273–2287, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2273-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2273-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The combined use of meteorological and ocean models enabled the analysis of extreme sea conditions driven by Medicane Ianos, which hit the western coast of Greece on 18 September 2020, flooding and damaging the coast. The large spread associated with the ensemble highlighted the high model uncertainty in simulating such an extreme weather event. The different simulations have been used for outlining hazard scenarios that represent a fundamental component of the coastal risk assessment.
Marco Bajo, Christian Ferrarin, Georg Umgiesser, Andrea Bonometto, and Elisa Coraci
Ocean Sci., 19, 559–579, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-559-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-559-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This work uses a hydrodynamic model which assimilates in situ data to reproduce tides, surges, and seiches in the Mediterranean basin. Furthermore, we study the periods of the barotropic modes of the Mediterranean and Adriatic basins. This research aims to improve the forecasting and reanalysis for operational warning and climatological studies. It aims also to reach a better knowledge of these sea level components in this area.
Manuel Aghito, Loris Calgaro, Knut-Frode Dagestad, Christian Ferrarin, Antonio Marcomini, Øyvind Breivik, and Lars Robert Hole
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 2477–2494, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2477-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2477-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The newly developed ChemicalDrift model can simulate the transport and fate of chemicals in the ocean and in coastal regions. The model combines ocean physics, including transport due to currents, turbulence due to surface winds and the sinking of particles to the sea floor, with ocean chemistry, such as the partitioning, the degradation and the evaporation of chemicals. The model will be utilized for risk assessment of ocean and sea-floor contamination from pollutants emitted from shipping.
Julius Schlumberger, Christian Ferrarin, Sebastiaan N. Jonkman, Manuel Andres Diaz Loaiza, Alessandro Antonini, and Sandra Fatorić
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 2381–2400, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-2381-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-2381-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Flooding has serious impacts on the old town of Venice. This paper presents a framework combining a flood model with a flood-impact model to support improving protection against future floods in Venice despite the recently built MOSE barrier. Applying the framework to seven plausible flood scenarios, it was found that individual protection has a significant damage-mediating effect if the MOSE barrier does not operate as anticipated. Contingency planning thus remains important in Venice.
Davide Zanchettin, Sara Bruni, Fabio Raicich, Piero Lionello, Fanny Adloff, Alexey Androsov, Fabrizio Antonioli, Vincenzo Artale, Eugenio Carminati, Christian Ferrarin, Vera Fofonova, Robert J. Nicholls, Sara Rubinetti, Angelo Rubino, Gianmaria Sannino, Giorgio Spada, Rémi Thiéblemont, Michael Tsimplis, Georg Umgiesser, Stefano Vignudelli, Guy Wöppelmann, and Susanna Zerbini
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 2643–2678, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2643-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2643-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Relative sea level in Venice rose by about 2.5 mm/year in the past 150 years due to the combined effect of subsidence and mean sea-level rise. We estimate the likely range of mean sea-level rise in Venice by 2100 due to climate changes to be between about 10 and 110 cm, with an improbable yet possible high-end scenario of about 170 cm. Projections of subsidence are not available, but historical evidence demonstrates that they can increase the hazard posed by climatically induced sea-level rise.
Piero Lionello, David Barriopedro, Christian Ferrarin, Robert J. Nicholls, Mirko Orlić, Fabio Raicich, Marco Reale, Georg Umgiesser, Michalis Vousdoukas, and Davide Zanchettin
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 2705–2731, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2705-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2705-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In this review we describe the factors leading to the extreme water heights producing the floods of Venice. We discuss the different contributions, their relative importance, and the resulting compound events. We highlight the role of relative sea level rise and the observed past and very likely future increase in extreme water heights, showing that they might be up to 160 % higher at the end of the 21st century than presently.
Christian Ferrarin, Marco Bajo, and Georg Umgiesser
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 645–659, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-645-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-645-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The problem of the optimization of ocean monitoring networks is tackled through the implementation of data assimilation techniques in a numerical model. The methodology has been applied to the tide gauge network in the Lagoon of Venice (Italy). The data assimilation methods allow identifying the minimum number of stations and their distribution that correctly represent the lagoon's dynamics. The methodology is easily exportable to other environments and can be extended to other variables.
Christian Ferrarin, Andrea Valentini, Martin Vodopivec, Dijana Klaric, Giovanni Massaro, Marco Bajo, Francesca De Pascalis, Amedeo Fadini, Michol Ghezzo, Stefano Menegon, Lidia Bressan, Silvia Unguendoli, Anja Fettich, Jure Jerman, Matjaz̆ Ličer, Lidija Fustar, Alvise Papa, and Enrico Carraro
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 73–93, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-73-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-73-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Here we present a shared and interoperable system to allow a better exchange of and elaboration on information related to sea storms among countries. The proposed integrated web system (IWS) is a combination of a common data system for sharing ocean observations and forecasts, a multi-model ensemble system, a geoportal, and interactive geo-visualization tools. This study describes the application of the developed system to the exceptional storm event of 29 October 2018.
Georg Umgiesser, Petras Zemlys, Ali Erturk, Arturas Razinkova-Baziukas, Jovita Mėžinė, and Christian Ferrarin
Ocean Sci., 12, 391–402, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-12-391-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-12-391-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The paper explores the importance of physical forcing on the exchange mechanisms and the renewal time in the Curonian Lagoon over 10 years. The influence of ice cover on the exchange rates has been explored. Finally, the influence of water level fluctuations and river discharge has been studied. It has been found that ice cover is surprisingly not very important for changes in renewal time. The single most important factor is river discharge.
P. Zemlys, C. Ferrarin, G. Umgiesser, S. Gulbinskas, and D. Bellafiore
Ocean Sci., 9, 573–584, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-9-573-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-9-573-2013, 2013
Roderik S. W. van de Wal, Angélique Melet, Debora Bellafiore, Michalis Vousdoukas, Paula Camus, Christian Ferrarin, Gualbert Oude Essink, Ivan D. Haigh, Piero Lionello, Arjen Luijendijk, Alexandra Toimil, and Joanna Staneva
State Planet Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-2023-38, https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-2023-38, 2023
Revised manuscript under review for SP
Short summary
Short summary
Sea level rise has major impacts in Europe which vary from place to place and in time depending on the source of the impacts. Flooding, erosion and saltwater intrusion lead via different pathways to various consequences in coastal regions across Europe. It causes damage to assets, environment and people for all three categories of impacts discussed in this paper. The paper provides an overview of the various impacts in Europe.
Luca Arpaia, Christian Ferrarin, Marco Bajo, and Georg Umgiesser
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 6899–6919, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6899-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6899-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We propose a discrete multilayer shallow water model based on z-layers which, thanks to the insertion and removal of surface layers, can deal with an arbitrarily large tidal oscillation independently of the vertical resolution. The algorithm is based on a two-step procedure used in numerical simulations with moving boundaries (grid movement followed by a grid topology change, that is, the insertion/removal of surface layers), which avoids the appearance of very thin surface layers.
Rasa Idzelytė, Natalja Čerkasova, Jovita Mėžinė, Toma Dabulevičienė, Artūras Razinkovas-Baziukas, Ali Ertürk, and Georg Umgiesser
Ocean Sci., 19, 1047–1066, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-1047-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-1047-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This work is focused on the impacts of climate change on a complex water flow system in the southeastern (SE) Baltic Sea, covering the Nemunas river basin and Curonian Lagoon. The results show that lagoon and sea will receive more water coming from the Nemunas. This will lead to a decreased frequency of saltwater inflow to the lagoon, and water will take less time to renew. Water temperatures in the entire lagoon and the SE Baltic Sea will increase steadily, and salinity values will decrease.
Christian Ferrarin, Florian Pantillon, Silvio Davolio, Marco Bajo, Mario Marcello Miglietta, Elenio Avolio, Diego S. Carrió, Ioannis Pytharoulis, Claudio Sanchez, Platon Patlakas, Juan Jesús González-Alemán, and Emmanouil Flaounas
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2273–2287, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2273-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2273-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The combined use of meteorological and ocean models enabled the analysis of extreme sea conditions driven by Medicane Ianos, which hit the western coast of Greece on 18 September 2020, flooding and damaging the coast. The large spread associated with the ensemble highlighted the high model uncertainty in simulating such an extreme weather event. The different simulations have been used for outlining hazard scenarios that represent a fundamental component of the coastal risk assessment.
Marco Bajo, Christian Ferrarin, Georg Umgiesser, Andrea Bonometto, and Elisa Coraci
Ocean Sci., 19, 559–579, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-559-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-559-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This work uses a hydrodynamic model which assimilates in situ data to reproduce tides, surges, and seiches in the Mediterranean basin. Furthermore, we study the periods of the barotropic modes of the Mediterranean and Adriatic basins. This research aims to improve the forecasting and reanalysis for operational warning and climatological studies. It aims also to reach a better knowledge of these sea level components in this area.
Manuel Aghito, Loris Calgaro, Knut-Frode Dagestad, Christian Ferrarin, Antonio Marcomini, Øyvind Breivik, and Lars Robert Hole
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 2477–2494, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2477-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2477-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The newly developed ChemicalDrift model can simulate the transport and fate of chemicals in the ocean and in coastal regions. The model combines ocean physics, including transport due to currents, turbulence due to surface winds and the sinking of particles to the sea floor, with ocean chemistry, such as the partitioning, the degradation and the evaporation of chemicals. The model will be utilized for risk assessment of ocean and sea-floor contamination from pollutants emitted from shipping.
Julius Schlumberger, Christian Ferrarin, Sebastiaan N. Jonkman, Manuel Andres Diaz Loaiza, Alessandro Antonini, and Sandra Fatorić
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 2381–2400, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-2381-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-2381-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Flooding has serious impacts on the old town of Venice. This paper presents a framework combining a flood model with a flood-impact model to support improving protection against future floods in Venice despite the recently built MOSE barrier. Applying the framework to seven plausible flood scenarios, it was found that individual protection has a significant damage-mediating effect if the MOSE barrier does not operate as anticipated. Contingency planning thus remains important in Venice.
Davide Zanchettin, Sara Bruni, Fabio Raicich, Piero Lionello, Fanny Adloff, Alexey Androsov, Fabrizio Antonioli, Vincenzo Artale, Eugenio Carminati, Christian Ferrarin, Vera Fofonova, Robert J. Nicholls, Sara Rubinetti, Angelo Rubino, Gianmaria Sannino, Giorgio Spada, Rémi Thiéblemont, Michael Tsimplis, Georg Umgiesser, Stefano Vignudelli, Guy Wöppelmann, and Susanna Zerbini
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 2643–2678, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2643-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2643-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Relative sea level in Venice rose by about 2.5 mm/year in the past 150 years due to the combined effect of subsidence and mean sea-level rise. We estimate the likely range of mean sea-level rise in Venice by 2100 due to climate changes to be between about 10 and 110 cm, with an improbable yet possible high-end scenario of about 170 cm. Projections of subsidence are not available, but historical evidence demonstrates that they can increase the hazard posed by climatically induced sea-level rise.
Piero Lionello, David Barriopedro, Christian Ferrarin, Robert J. Nicholls, Mirko Orlić, Fabio Raicich, Marco Reale, Georg Umgiesser, Michalis Vousdoukas, and Davide Zanchettin
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 2705–2731, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2705-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2705-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In this review we describe the factors leading to the extreme water heights producing the floods of Venice. We discuss the different contributions, their relative importance, and the resulting compound events. We highlight the role of relative sea level rise and the observed past and very likely future increase in extreme water heights, showing that they might be up to 160 % higher at the end of the 21st century than presently.
Georg Umgiesser, Marco Bajo, Christian Ferrarin, Andrea Cucco, Piero Lionello, Davide Zanchettin, Alvise Papa, Alessandro Tosoni, Maurizio Ferla, Elisa Coraci, Sara Morucci, Franco Crosato, Andrea Bonometto, Andrea Valentini, Mirko Orlić, Ivan D. Haigh, Jacob Woge Nielsen, Xavier Bertin, André Bustorff Fortunato, Begoña Pérez Gómez, Enrique Alvarez Fanjul, Denis Paradis, Didier Jourdan, Audrey Pasquet, Baptiste Mourre, Joaquín Tintoré, and Robert J. Nicholls
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 2679–2704, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2679-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2679-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The city of Venice relies crucially on a good storm surge forecast to protect its population and cultural heritage. In this paper, we provide a state-of-the-art review of storm surge forecasting, starting from examples in Europe and focusing on the Adriatic Sea and the Lagoon of Venice. We discuss the physics of storm surge, as well as the particular aspects of Venice and new techniques in storm surge modeling. We also give recommendations on what a future forecasting system should look like.
Piero Lionello, Robert J. Nicholls, Georg Umgiesser, and Davide Zanchettin
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 2633–2641, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2633-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2633-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Venice is an iconic place, and a paradigm of huge historical and cultural value is at risk. The threat posed by floods has dramatically increased in recent decades and is expected to continue to grow – and even accelerate – through this century. There is a need to better understand the future evolution of the relative sea level and its extremes and to develop adaptive planning strategies appropriate for present uncertainty, which might not be substantially reduced in the near future.
Christian Ferrarin, Marco Bajo, and Georg Umgiesser
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 645–659, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-645-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-645-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The problem of the optimization of ocean monitoring networks is tackled through the implementation of data assimilation techniques in a numerical model. The methodology has been applied to the tide gauge network in the Lagoon of Venice (Italy). The data assimilation methods allow identifying the minimum number of stations and their distribution that correctly represent the lagoon's dynamics. The methodology is easily exportable to other environments and can be extended to other variables.
Christian Ferrarin, Andrea Valentini, Martin Vodopivec, Dijana Klaric, Giovanni Massaro, Marco Bajo, Francesca De Pascalis, Amedeo Fadini, Michol Ghezzo, Stefano Menegon, Lidia Bressan, Silvia Unguendoli, Anja Fettich, Jure Jerman, Matjaz̆ Ličer, Lidija Fustar, Alvise Papa, and Enrico Carraro
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 73–93, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-73-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-73-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Here we present a shared and interoperable system to allow a better exchange of and elaboration on information related to sea storms among countries. The proposed integrated web system (IWS) is a combination of a common data system for sharing ocean observations and forecasts, a multi-model ensemble system, a geoportal, and interactive geo-visualization tools. This study describes the application of the developed system to the exceptional storm event of 29 October 2018.
Nadia Pinardi, Vladyslav Lyubartsev, Nicola Cardellicchio, Claudio Caporale, Stefania Ciliberti, Giovanni Coppini, Francesca De Pascalis, Lorenzo Dialti, Ivan Federico, Marco Filippone, Alessandro Grandi, Matteo Guideri, Rita Lecci, Lamberto Lamberti, Giuliano Lorenzetti, Paolo Lusiani, Cosimo Damiano Macripo, Francesco Maicu, Michele Mossa, Diego Tartarini, Francesco Trotta, Georg Umgiesser, and Luca Zaggia
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 2623–2639, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-2623-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-2623-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
A multiscale sampling experiment was carried out in the Gulf of Taranto (eastern Mediterranean) providing the first synoptic evidence of the large-scale circulation structure and associated mesoscale variability. The circulation is shown to be dominated by an anticyclonic gyre and upwelling areas at the gyre periphery.
Georg Umgiesser, Petras Zemlys, Ali Erturk, Arturas Razinkova-Baziukas, Jovita Mėžinė, and Christian Ferrarin
Ocean Sci., 12, 391–402, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-12-391-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-12-391-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The paper explores the importance of physical forcing on the exchange mechanisms and the renewal time in the Curonian Lagoon over 10 years. The influence of ice cover on the exchange rates has been explored. Finally, the influence of water level fluctuations and river discharge has been studied. It has been found that ice cover is surprisingly not very important for changes in renewal time. The single most important factor is river discharge.
P. Zemlys, C. Ferrarin, G. Umgiesser, S. Gulbinskas, and D. Bellafiore
Ocean Sci., 9, 573–584, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-9-573-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-9-573-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Coasts and Estuaries | Techniques and Approaches: Modelling approaches
Mangroves as nature-based mitigation for ENSO-driven compound flood risks in a large river delta
Forecasting estuarine salt intrusion in the Rhine–Meuse delta using an LSTM model
Coastal topography and hydrogeology control critical groundwater gradients and potential beach surface instability during storm surges
Effect of tides on river water behavior over the eastern shelf seas of China
Extreme precipitation events induce high fluxes of groundwater and associated nutrients to coastal ocean
Temporally resolved coastal hypoxia forecasting and uncertainty assessment via Bayesian mechanistic modeling
Assessing the dependence structure between oceanographic, fluvial, and pluvial flooding drivers along the United States coastline
Statistical modelling and climate variability of compound surge and precipitation events in a managed water system: a case study in the Netherlands
Estimating the probability of compound floods in estuarine regions
Accretion, retreat and transgression of coastal wetlands experiencing sea-level rise
Climate change overtakes coastal engineering as the dominant driver of hydrological change in a large shallow lagoon
Dynamic mechanism of an extremely severe saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang estuary in February 2014
A novel approach for the assessment of morphological evolution based on observed water levels in tide-dominated estuaries
Seasonal behaviour of tidal damping and residual water level slope in the Yangtze River estuary: identifying the critical position and river discharge for maximum tidal damping
Sediment budget analysis of the Guayas River using a process-based model
Multivariate statistical modelling of compound events via pair-copula constructions: analysis of floods in Ravenna (Italy)
Analytical and numerical study of the salinity intrusion in the Sebou river estuary (Morocco) – effect of the “Super Blood Moon” (total lunar eclipse) of 2015
Linking biogeochemistry to hydro-geometrical variability in tidal estuaries: a generic modeling approach
Impact of the Three Gorges Dam, the South–North Water Transfer Project and water abstractions on the duration and intensity of salt intrusions in the Yangtze River estuary
A 2-D process-based model for suspended sediment dynamics: a first step towards ecological modeling
Revised predictive equations for salt intrusion modelling in estuaries
Impact of the Hoa Binh dam (Vietnam) on water and sediment budgets in the Red River basin and delta
Large-scale suspended sediment transport and sediment deposition in the Mekong Delta
Hydrodynamic controls on oxygen dynamics in a riverine salt wedge estuary, the Yarra River estuary, Australia
Environmental flow assessments in estuaries based on an integrated multi-objective method
Modelling climate change effects on a Dutch coastal groundwater system using airborne electromagnetic measurements
An analytical solution for tidal propagation in the Yangtze Estuary, China
Understanding and managing the Westerschelde – synchronizing the physical system and the management system of a complex estuary
Ignace Pelckmans, Jean-Philippe Belliard, Olivier Gourgue, Luis Elvin Dominguez-Granda, and Stijn Temmerman
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 1463–1476, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-1463-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-1463-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The combination of extreme sea levels with increased river flow typically can lead to so-called compound floods. Often these are caused by storms (< 1 d), but climatic events such as El Niño could trigger compound floods over a period of months. We show that the combination of increased sea level and river discharge causes extreme water levels to amplify upstream. Mangrove forests, however, can act as a nature-based flood protection by lowering the extreme water levels coming from the sea.
Bas J. M. Wullems, Claudia C. Brauer, Fedor Baart, and Albrecht H. Weerts
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 3823–3850, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3823-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3823-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In deltas, saltwater sometimes intrudes far inland and causes problems with freshwater availability. We created a model to forecast salt concentrations at a critical location in the Rhine–Meuse delta in the Netherlands. It requires a rather small number of data to make a prediction and runs fast. It predicts the occurrence of salt concentration peaks well but underestimates the highest peaks. Its speed gives water managers more time to reduce the problems caused by salt intrusion.
Anner Paldor, Nina Stark, Matthew Florence, Britt Raubenheimer, Steve Elgar, Rachel Housego, Ryan S. Frederiks, and Holly A. Michael
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 5987–6002, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5987-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5987-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean surges can impact the stability of beaches by changing the hydraulic regime. These surge-induced changes in the hydraulic regime have important implications for coastal engineering and for beach morphology. This work uses 3D computer simulations to study how these alterations vary in space and time. We find that certain areas along and across the beach are potentially more vulnerable than others and that previous assumptions regarding the most dangerous places may need to be revised.
Lei Lin, Hao Liu, Xiaomeng Huang, Qingjun Fu, and Xinyu Guo
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 5207–5225, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5207-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5207-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Earth system (climate) model is an important instrument for projecting the global water cycle and climate change, in which tides are commonly excluded due to the much small timescales compared to the climate. However, we found that tides significantly impact the river water transport pathways, transport timescales, and concentrations in shelf seas. Thus, the tidal effect should be carefully considered in earth system models to accurately project the global water and biogeochemical cycle.
Marc Diego-Feliu, Valentí Rodellas, Aaron Alorda-Kleinglass, Maarten Saaltink, Albert Folch, and Jordi Garcia-Orellana
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 4619–4635, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4619-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4619-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Rainwater infiltrates aquifers and travels a long subsurface journey towards the ocean where it eventually enters below sea level. In its path towards the sea, water becomes enriched in many compounds that are naturally or artificially present within soils and sediments. We demonstrate that extreme rainfall events may significantly increase the inflow of water to the ocean, thereby increasing the supply of these compounds that are fundamental for the sustainability of coastal ecosystems.
Alexey Katin, Dario Del Giudice, and Daniel R. Obenour
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 1131–1143, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1131-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1131-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Low oxygen conditions (hypoxia) occur almost every summer in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Here, we present a new approach for forecasting hypoxia from June through September, leveraging a process-based model and an advanced statistical framework. We also show how using spring hydrometeorological information can improve forecast accuracy while reducing uncertainties. The proposed forecasting system shows the potential to support the management of threatened coastal ecosystems and fisheries.
Ahmed A. Nasr, Thomas Wahl, Md Mamunur Rashid, Paula Camus, and Ivan D. Haigh
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 6203–6222, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6203-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6203-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We analyse dependences between different flooding drivers around the USA coastline, where the Gulf of Mexico and the southeastern and southwestern coasts are regions of high dependence between flooding drivers. Dependence is higher during the tropical season in the Gulf and at some locations on the East Coast but higher during the extratropical season on the West Coast. The analysis gives new insights on locations, driver combinations, and the time of the year when compound flooding is likely.
Víctor M. Santos, Mercè Casas-Prat, Benjamin Poschlod, Elisa Ragno, Bart van den Hurk, Zengchao Hao, Tímea Kalmár, Lianhua Zhu, and Husain Najafi
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 3595–3615, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3595-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3595-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present an application of multivariate statistical models to assess compound flooding events in a managed reservoir. Data (from a previous study) were obtained from a physical-based hydrological model driven by a regional climate model large ensemble, providing a time series expanding up to 800 years in length that ensures stable statistics. The length of the data set allows for a sensitivity assessment of the proposed statistical framework to natural climate variability.
Wenyan Wu, Seth Westra, and Michael Leonard
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2821–2841, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2821-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2821-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Flood probability estimation is important for applications such as land use planning, reservoir operation, infrastructure design and safety assessments. However, it is a challenging task, especially in estuarine areas where floods are caused by both intense rainfall and storm surge. This study provides a review of approaches to flood probability estimation in these areas. Based on analysis of a real-world river system, guidance on method selection is provided.
Angelo Breda, Patricia M. Saco, Steven G. Sandi, Neil Saintilan, Gerardo Riccardi, and José F. Rodríguez
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 769–786, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-769-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-769-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We study accretion, retreat and transgression of mangrove and saltmarsh wetlands affected by sea-level rise (SLR) using simulations on typical configurations with different levels of tidal obstruction. Interactions and feedbacks between flow, sediment deposition, vegetation migration and soil accretion result in wetlands not surviving the predicted high-emission scenario SLR, despite dramatic increases in sediment supply. Previous simplified models overpredict wetland resilience to SLR.
Peisheng Huang, Karl Hennig, Jatin Kala, Julia Andrys, and Matthew R. Hipsey
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 5673–5697, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5673-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5673-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Our results conclude that the climate change in the past decades has a remarkable effect on the hydrology of a large shallow lagoon with the same magnitude as that caused by the opening of an artificial channel, and it also highlighted the complexity of their interactions. We suggested that the consideration of the projected drying trend is essential in designing management plans associated with planning for environmental water provision and setting water quality loading targets.
Jianrong Zhu, Xinyue Cheng, Linjiang Li, Hui Wu, Jinghua Gu, and Hanghang Lyu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 5043–5056, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5043-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5043-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
An extremely severe saltwater intrusion event occurred in February 2014 in the Changjiang estuary and seriously influenced the water intake of the reservoir. For the event cause and for freshwater safety, the dynamic mechanism was studied with observed data and a numerical model. The results indicated that this event was caused by a persistent and strong northerly wind, which formed a horizontal estuarine circulation, surpassed seaward runoff and drove highly saline water into the estuary.
Huayang Cai, Ping Zhang, Erwan Garel, Pascal Matte, Shuai Hu, Feng Liu, and Qingshu Yang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1871–1889, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1871-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1871-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding the morphological changes in estuaries due to natural processes and human interventions is especially important with regard to sustainable water management and ecological impacts on the estuarine environment. In this contribution, we explore the morphological evolution in tide-dominated estuaries by means of a novel analytical approach using the observed water levels along the channel. The method could serve as a useful tool to understand the evolution of estuarine morphology.
Huayang Cai, Hubert H. G. Savenije, Erwan Garel, Xianyi Zhang, Leicheng Guo, Min Zhang, Feng Liu, and Qingshu Yang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2779–2794, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2779-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2779-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Tide–river dynamics play an essential role in large-scale river deltas as they exert a tremendous impact on delta morphodynamics, salt intrusion and deltaic ecosystems. For the first time, we illustrate that there is a critical river discharge, beyond which tidal damping is reduced with increasing river discharge, and we explore the underlying mechanism using an analytical model. The results are useful for guiding sustainable water management and sediment transport in tidal rivers.
Pedro D. Barrera Crespo, Erik Mosselman, Alessio Giardino, Anke Becker, Willem Ottevanger, Mohamed Nabi, and Mijail Arias-Hidalgo
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2763–2778, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2763-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2763-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Guayaquil, the commercial capital of Ecuador, is located along the Guayas River. The city is among the most vulnerable cities to future flooding ascribed to climate change. Fluvial sedimentation is seen as one of the factors contributing to flooding. This paper describes the dominant processes in the river and the effects of past interventions in the overall sediment budget. This is essential to plan and design effective mitigation measures to face the latent risk that threatens Guayaquil.
Emanuele Bevacqua, Douglas Maraun, Ingrid Hobæk Haff, Martin Widmann, and Mathieu Vrac
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 2701–2723, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-2701-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-2701-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We develop a conceptual model to quantify the risk of compound events (CEs), i.e. extreme impacts to society which are driven by statistically dependent climatic variables. Based on this model we study compound floods, i.e. joint storm surge and high river level, in Ravenna (Italy). The model includes meteorological predictors which (1) provide insight into the physical processes underlying CEs, as well as into the temporal variability, and (2) allow us to statistically downscale CEs.
Soufiane Haddout, Mohammed Igouzal, and Abdellatif Maslouhi
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3923–3945, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3923-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3923-2016, 2016
Chiara Volta, Goulven Gildas Laruelle, Sandra Arndt, and Pierre Regnier
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 991–1030, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-991-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-991-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
A generic estuarine model is applied to three idealized tidal estuaries representing the main hydro-geometrical estuarine classes. The study provides insight into the estuarine biogeochemical dynamics, in particular the air-water CO2/sub> flux, as well as the potential response to future environmental changes and to uncertainties in model parameter values. We believe that our approach could help improving upscaling strategies to better integrate estuaries in regional/global biogeochemical studies.
M. Webber, M. T. Li, J. Chen, B. Finlayson, D. Chen, Z. Y. Chen, M. Wang, and J. Barnett
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 4411–4425, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-4411-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-4411-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
This paper demonstrates a method for calculating the probability of long-duration salt intrusions in the Yangtze Estuary and examines the impact of the Three Gorges Dam, the South-North Water Transfer Project and local abstractions on that probability. The relationship between river discharge and the intensity and duration of saline intrusions is shown to be probabilistic and continuous. That probability has more than doubled under the normal operating rules for those projects.
F. M. Achete, M. van der Wegen, D. Roelvink, and B. Jaffe
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 2837–2857, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2837-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2837-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Suspended sediment concentration (SSC) levels are important indicator for the ecology of estuaries. Observations of SSC are difficult to make, therefore we revert to coupled 2-D hydrodynamic-sediment process-based transport models to make predictions in time (seasonal and yearly) and space (meters to kilometers). This paper presents calibration/validation of SSC for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and translates SSC to turbidity in order to couple with ecology models.
J. I. A. Gisen, H. H. G. Savenije, and R. C. Nijzink
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 2791–2803, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2791-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2791-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We revised the predictive equations for two calibrated parameters in salt intrusion model (the Van der Burgh coefficient K and dispersion coefficient D) using an extended database of 89 salinity profiles including 8 newly conducted salinity measurements. The revised predictive equations consist of easily measured parameters such as the geometry of estuary, tide, friction and the Richardson number. These equations are useful in obtaining the first estimate of salinity distribution in an estuary.
V. D. Vinh, S. Ouillon, T. D. Thanh, and L. V. Chu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 3987–4005, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3987-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3987-2014, 2014
N. V. Manh, N. V. Dung, N. N. Hung, B. Merz, and H. Apel
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 3033–3053, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3033-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3033-2014, 2014
L. C. Bruce, P. L. M. Cook, I. Teakle, and M. R. Hipsey
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 1397–1411, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-1397-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-1397-2014, 2014
T. Sun, J. Xu, and Z. F. Yang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 751–760, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-751-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-751-2013, 2013
M. Faneca Sànchez, J. L. Gunnink, E. S. van Baaren, G. H. P. Oude Essink, B. Siemon, E. Auken, W. Elderhorst, and P. G. B. de Louw
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 4499–4516, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-4499-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-4499-2012, 2012
E. F. Zhang, H. H. G. Savenije, S. L. Chen, and X. H. Mao
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 3327–3339, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-3327-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-3327-2012, 2012
A. van Buuren, L. Gerrits, and G. R. Teisman
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 2243–2257, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-2243-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-2243-2010, 2010
Cited articles
Abdelrhman, M. A.: Simplified modeling of flushing and residence times in 42 embayments in New England, USA, with special attention to Greenwich Bay, Rhode Island, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 62, 339–351, 2005.
Acri, F., Aubry, F. B., Berton, A., Bianchi, F., Boldrin, A., Camatti, E., Comaschi, A., Rabitti, S., and Socal, G.: Plankton communities and nutrients in the Venice Lagoon, comparison between current and old data, J. Mar. Syst., 51, 321–329, 2004.
Allison, I., Bindoff, N., and Bindschadler, R: The Copenhagen diagnosis: updating the world on the latest climate science, The University of New South Wales Climate Change Research Centre (CCRC), Sydney, Australia, 60 pp., 2009.
Barners, R. S. K.: Coastal Lagoons, The Natural History of a Neglected Habitat, Cambridge Studies in Modern Biology 1, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 106 pp., 1990.
Blumberg, A. and Mellor, G. L.: A description of a three-dimensional coastal ocean circulation model, in: Three-Dimensional Coastal Ocean Models, edited by: Heaps, N. S., American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, 1–16, 1987.
Bruneau, N., Fortunato, A. B., Dodet, G., Freire, P., Oliveira, A., and Bertin, X.: Future evolution of a tidal inlet due to changes in wave climate, Sea level and lagoon morphology (Obidos lagoon, Portugal), Cont. Shelf Res., 31, 1915–1930, 2011.
Burchard, H. and Petersen, O.: Models of turbulence in the marine environment – a comparative study of two equation turbulence models, J. Mar. Syst., 21, 29–53, 1999.
Carbognin, L., Teatini, P., Tomasin, A., and Tosi, L.: Global change and relative sea level rise at Venice: what impact in term of flooding, Clim. Dynam., 35, 1039–1047, 2010.
Carniello, L., Defina, A., and D'Alpaos, L.: Morphological evolution of the Venice lagoon: evidence from the past and trend for the future, J. Geophys. Res., 114, F04002, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JF001157, 2009.
Chubarenko, B., Koutitonsky, V. G., Neves, R., and Umgiesser, G.: Modeling concepts, in: Coastal Lagoons: Ecosystem Processes and Modelling for Sustainable Use and Development, edited by: G{ö}nenç, I. E. and Wolflin, J. P., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA, 193–229, 2005.
Cowen, R. K., Paris, C. B., and Srinivasan, A.: Scaling of connectivity in marine populations, Science, 311, 522–527, 2005.
Cucco, A. and Umgiesser, G.: Modelling the Venice Lagoon residence time, Ecol. Model., 193, 34–51, 2006.
Cucco, A., Umgiesser, G., Ferrarin, C., Perilli, A., Melaku Canu, D., and Solidoro, C.: Eulerian and lagrangian transport time scales of a tidal active coastal basin, Ecol. Model., 220, 913–922, 2009.
D'Alpaos, L.: L'evoluzione morfologica della Laguna di Venezia attraverso la lettura di alcune mappe storiche e delle sue carte idrografiche, Comune di Venezia, Istituzione Centro Previsioni e Segnalazioni Maree, 2010. \bibitem[{Day et al. (1998)Day, Rismondo, Scarton, Are and Cecconi}] Day_1998_marsh Day, J. W., Rismondo, A., Scarton, F., Are, D. and Cecconi, G.: Relative sea level rise and Venice lagoon wetlands, J. Coast. Conserv., 4, 27–34, 1998.
Day, J. W., Ibà\={n}ez, C., Scarton, F., Pont, D., Hensel, P., Day, J., and Lane, R.: Sustainability of Mediterranean Deltaic and Lagoon Wetlands with Sea-Level Rise: The Importance of River Input, Estuar. Coast., 34, 483–493, 2011.
de Brye, B., de Brauwere, A., Gourgue, O., Delhez, E. J., and Deleersnijder, E.: Water renewal timescales in the Scheldt Estuary, J. Mar. Syst., 94, 74–86, 2012.
De Pascalis, F., P{é}rez-Ruzafa, A., Gilabert, J., Marcos, C., and Umgiesser, G.: Climate change response of the Mar Menor coastal lagoon (Spain) using a hydrodynamic finite element model, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 114, 118–129, 2011.
Dettmann, E.: Effect of water residence time on annual export and denitrification of nitrogen in estuaries: a model analysis, Estuar. Coast., 24, 481–490, 2001.
Duck, R. W. and da Silva, J. F.: Coastal lagoons and their evolution: a hydromorphological perspective. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 110, 2–14, 2012.
Ferrarin, C. and Umgiesser, G.: Hydrodynamic modeling of a coastal lagoon: the Cabras lagoon in Sardinia, Italy, {Ecol. Model.,} 188, 340–357, 2005.
Ferrarin, C., Razinkovas, A., Gulbinskas, S., Umgiesser, G., and Bli\={u}džiut\.e, L.: Hydraulic regime based zonation scheme of the Curonian Lagoon, Hydrobiologia, 611, 133–146, 2008.
Ferrarin, C., Cucco, A., Umgiesser, G., Bellafiore, D., and Amos, C. L.: Modelling fluxes of water and sediment between the Venice Lagoon and the sea, Cont. Shelf Res. 30, 904–914, 2010a.
Ferrarin, C., Umgiesser, G., Bajo, M., De Pascalis, F., Ghezzo, M., Bellafiore, D., Mattassi, G., and Scroccaro, I.: Hydraulic zonation of the Lagoons of Marano and Grado, Italy, a modelling approach, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 87, 561–572, 2010b.
Gamito, S., Gilabert, J., Diego, C. M., and P{é}rez-Ruzafa, A.: Effect of Changing Environmental Conditions on Lagoon Ecology, in: Coastal Lagoons: Ecosystem Processes and Modelling for Sustainable Use and Development, edited by: G{ö}nenç, I. E. and Wolflin, J. P., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA, 193–229, 2005.
Ghezzo, M., Guerzoni, S., Cucco, A., and Umgiesser, G.: Changes in Venice Lagoon dynamics due to construction of mobile barriers, Coast. Eng., 57, 694–708, 2010.
Gong, W., Shen, J., and Jia, J.: The impact of human activities on the flushing properties of a semi-enclosed lagoon: Xiaohai, Hainan, China, Mar. Environ. Res., 65, 62–76, 2008.
Grassle, J. F. and Grassle, J. P.: Opportunistic life histories and genetic systems in marine benthic polychaetes, J. Mar. Res., 32, 253–284, 1974.
Guelorget, O. and Perthuisot, J. P.: Le domaine paralique, Expressions géologiques, biologiques et économiques du confinement, Travaux du Laboratoire de Geólogie, Ecole Normale Supe\'rieure de Paris 16, 1–136, 1983.
Guelorget, O. and Perthuisot, J. P.: The Paralic Realm, Geological, Biological and Economic Expression of Confinement, Tech. Rep. FAO-FI-RAB/83/016, FAO, Rome, 1989.
Guerzoni, S. and Tagliapietra, D.: Atlas of the lagoon: Venice between land and sea, Marsilio, Venezia, IT, 2006.
Hartnett, M., Nash, S., and Olbert, I.: An integrated approach to trophic assessment of coastal waters incorporating measurement, modelling and water quality classification, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 112, 126–138, 2012.
Jaffe, B. E., Smith, R. E., and Foxgrover, A. C.: Anthropogenic influence on sedimentation and intertidal mudflat change in San Pablo Bay, California: 1856–1983, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 7, 175–187, 2007.
Jouon, A., Douillet, P., Ouillon, S., and Fraunié, P.: Calculations of hydrodynamic time parameters in a semi-opened coastal zone using a 3d hydrodynamic model, Cont. Shelf Res., 26, 1395–1415, 2006.
Kjerfve, B. and Magill, K. E.: Geographic and hydrodynamic characteristics of shallow coastal lagoons, Mar. Geol., 88, 187–199, 1989.
Liu, W.-C., Chen, W.-B., Kuo, J.-T., and Wu, C.: Numerical determination of residence time and age in a partially mixed estuary using three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, Cont. Shelf Res., 28, 1068–1088, 2008.
Magni, P., Como, S., Cucco, A., De Falco, G., Domenici, P., Ghezzo, M., Lefrançois, C., Simeone, S., and Perilli, A.: A multidisciplinary and ecosystemic approach in the Oristano Lagoon-Gulf system (Sardinia, Italy) as a tool in management plans, Transit. Water. Bull., 2, 41–62, 2008.
Mauchline, J.: The biology of marine copepods, Adv. Mar. Biol., 33, 710 pp., 1998.
Melaku Canu, D., Umgiesser, G., and Solidoro, C.: Short-term simulations under winter conditions in the lagoon of Venice: a contribution to the environmental impact assessment of temporary closure of the inlets, Ecol. Model., 138, 215–230, 2001.
Molinaroli, E., Guerzoni, S., Sarretta, A., Cucco, A., and Umgiesser, G.: Links between hydrology and sedimentology in the Lagoon of Venice, Italy, J. Mar. Syst., 68, 303–317, 2007.
Monsen, N. E., Cloern, J. E., and Lucas, L. V.: A comment on the use of flushing time, residence time, and age as transport time scales, Limnol. Oceanogr., 47, 1545–1553, 2002.
Ouillon, S., Douillet, P., Lefebvre, J., Gendre, R. L., Jouon, A., Bonneton, P., Fernandez, J., Chevillon, C., Magand, O., Lefèvre, J., Hir, P. L., Laganier, R., Dumas, F., Marchesiello, P., Madani, A. B., Andréfouet, S., Panché, J., and Fichez, R.: Circulation and suspended sediment transport in a coral reef lagoon: the south-west lagoon of New Caledonia, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 61, 269–296, 2010.
Peasron, T. and Rosenberg, R.: Macrobenthic succession in relation to organic enrichment and pollution of the marine environment, Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev., 16, 229–311, 1978.
Pérez-Ruzafa, A., Mompeàn, M. C., and Concepci{ó}n, M.: Hydrographic, geomorphologic and fish assemblage relationships in coastal lagoons, Hydrobiologia, 577, 107–125, 2007.
Pérez-Ruzafa, A., Marcos, C., Pérez-Ruzafa, I. M., and Pérez-Marcos, M.: Coastal lagoons: "transitional ecosystems" between transitional and coastal waters, J. Coast. Conserv., 15, 369–392, 2011.
Pérez-Ruzafa, A., Marcos, C., Pérez-Ruzafa, I. M., and Pérez-Marcos, M.: Are coastal lagoons physically or biologically controlled ecosystems? Revisiting r vs. K strategies in coastal lagoons and estuarie, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2011.08.012, in press, 2012.
Pianka, E. R.: On r- and K-selection, Am. Naturalist, 104, 592–597, 1970.
Plus, M., Dumas, F., Stanisière, J.-Y., and Maurer, D.: Hydrodynamic characterization of the Arcachon Bay, using model-derived descriptors, Cont. Shelf Res., 29, 1008–1013, 2009.
Rodhe, H.: Modeling biogeochemical cycles, in: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, edited by: Butcher, S. S., Charlson, R. J., Orians, G. H., and Wolfe, G. V., Academic Press, London, UK, 55–72, 1992.
Roselli, L., Ca\={n}edo-Argüelles, M., Costa Goela, P., Cristina, S., Rieradevall, M., D'Adamo, R., and Newton, A.: Do physiography and hydrology determine the physico-chemical properties and trophic status of coastal lagoons? A comparative approach, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 117, 29–36, 2013.
Sanford, L., Boicourt, W., and Rives, S.: Model for estimating tidal flushing of small embayments, J. Waterway Port Coast. Ocean Eng., 118, 913–935, 1992.
Sarretta, A., Molinaroli, E., Guerzoni, S., Fontolan, G., and Pillon, S.: Sediment budget in the Lagoon of Venice, Cont. Shelf Res., 30, 934–949, 2010.
Sfriso, A. and Facca, C.: Distribution and production of macrophytes and phytoplankton in the lagoon of Venice: comparison of actual and past situation, Hydrobiologia, 577, 71–81, 2007.]
Sfriso, A., Pavoni, B., Marcomini, A., and Orio, A. A.: Macroalgae, nutrient cycles and pollutants in the lagoon of Venice, Estuaries, 15, 517–528, 1992.
Sfriso, A., Facca, C., and Ghetti, P. F.: Temporal and spatial changes of macrolagae and phytoplankton in a Mediterranean coastal area: the Venice Lagoon as a case study, Mar. Environ. Res., 56, 316–336, 2003.
Smagorinsky, J.: General circulation experiments with the primitive equations, I. the basic experiment, Mon. Weather Rev., 91, 99–152, 1963.
Solidoro, C., Bandelj, V., Bernardi Aubry, F., Camatti, E., Ciavatta, S., Cossarini, G., Facca, C., Franzoi, P., Libralato, S., Melaku Canu, D., Pastres, R., Pranovi, F., Raicevich, S., Socal, G., Sfriso, A., Sigovini, M., Tagliapietra, D., and Torricelli, P.: Response of Venice Lagoon ecosystem to natural and anthropogenic pressures over the last 50 years, in: Coastal Lagoons: Critical Habitats of Environmental Change, edited by: Kennish, M. J. and Paerl, H. W., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA, 483–511, 2010.
Tagliapietra, D., Pavan, M., and Wagner, C.: Macrobenthic community changes related to eutrophication in Palude della Rosa (Venetian lagoon, Italy), Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 47, 217–226, 1998.
Tagliapietra, D., Sigovini, M., and Volpi Ghirardini, A.: A review of terms and definitions to categorise estuaries, lagoons and associated environments, Mar. Freshwater Res., 60, 497–509, 2009.
Tagliapietra, D., Zanon, V., Frangipane, G., Umgiesser, G., and Sigovini, M.: Physiographic zoning of the Venetian Lagoon, in: Scientific Research and Safeguarding of Venice, Research program 2007–2010, 2004 Results, CORILA, Venice, 161–164, 2011.
Tagliapietra, D., Aloui-Bejaoui, N., Bellafiore, D., Wit, R. D., Ferrarin, C., Gamito, S., Lasserre, P., Magni, P., Mistri, M., Pérez-Ruzafa, A., Pranovi, F., Reizopoulou, S., Rilov, G., Solidoro, C., Tunberg, B., Valiela, I., and Viaroli, P.: The Ecological Implications of Climate Change on the Lagoon of Venice, Tech. rep., UNESCO Venice Office, Venice, 45 pp., 2012a.
Tagliapietra, D., Sigovini, M., and Magni, P.: Saprobity: a unified view of benthic succession models for coastal lagoons, Hydrobiologia, 686, 15–28, 2012b.
Takeoka, H.: Fundamental concepts of exchange and transport time scales in a coastal sea, Cont. Shelf Res., 3, 327–341, 1984.
Umgiesser, G.: Modelling the residual current in the Venice Lagoon, in: Interaction between Estuaries, Coastal Seas and Shelf Seas, edited by: Yanagi, T., Terra Scientific Publishing Company, Tokyo, 107–124, 2000.
Umgiesser, G. and Bergamasco, A.: Outline of a Primitive Equations Finite Element Model, {Rapporto e Studi, Istituto Veneto of Scienze, Lettere ed Arti} XII, Venice, Italy, 291–320, 1995.
Umgiesser, G. and Matticchio, B.: Simulating the mobile barrier (MOSE) operation in the Venice Lagoon, Italy: global sea level rise and its implication for navigation, Ocean Dynam., 56, 320–332, 2006.
Umgiesser, G., Melaku Canu, D., Cucco, A., and Solidoro, C.: A finite element model for the Venice Lagoon. Development, set up, calibration and validation, J. Mar. Syst. 51, 123–145, 2004.
Umgiesser, G., Ferrarin, C., Cucco, A., Pérez Ruzafa, A., De Pascalis, F., Ghezzo, M., Bellafiore, D., and Bajo, M.: A comparison study of six Mediterranean lagoons with numerical modelling, in: Rassegna delle attività di ricerca scientifica e tecnologica del CNR nell'ambito del mare e delle sue risorse, Dipartimento Terra e Ambiente CNR, 1073–1084, 2011.
Umgiesser, G., Anderson, J. B., Artale, V., Breil, M., Gualdi, S., Lionello, P., Marinova, N., Orlic, M., Pirazzoli, P., Rahmstorf, S., Raicich, F., Rohling, E., Tomasin, A., Tsimplis, M., and Vellinga, P.: From Global to Regional: Local Sea Level Rise Scenarios – Focus on the Mediterranean Sea and the Adriatic Sea Tech. rep., UNESCO Venice Office, Venice, 24 pp., 2012.
Viaroli, P., Laserre, P., and Campostrini, P.: Lagoons and coastal wetlands, Dev. Hydrob., 192, 1–3, 2007.
